Represje carskie wobec duchowieństwa diecezji kujawsko-kaliskiej po powstaniu styczniowym

All social strata of the Poles both from the Kingdom of Poland, Lithuania and Belarus took part in the national uprising in 1863. The Catholic diocesan and monastic clergy also joined this extraordinary uprising. In the Diocese of Kujawy and Kalisz, 94 out of 422 priests were directly repressed in various ways for their patriotic and national activities. Many of them were sentenced to hard labour in Siberia, to settlement in distant regions of the empire, imprisonment, fi nes and surveillance. This repression hampered the realization of the mission of the Church, but did not break its will and spirit in the struggle for the rights of the Nation.