Białka uczestniczące w transporcie jonów żelaza(II) w bakteriach gram-ujemnych

Continuous increase in the number of multidrug-resistant strains forces us to look for drugs with completely new mode of action. One of the bacterial property determining the pathogenicity of these microorganisms is their ability to obtain iron. Because in the living environment of these single-celled individuals, its concentration is much lower than this necessary for their growth. For this reason, bacteria created various type of iron aquisition systems, including the Feo system, which mechanism of Fe2+ ion uptake is not fully understood, and protein from the Hmu family belonging to ABC transporters. The Feo transport system is one of the most common systems that is exclusively responsible for importing Fe2+ ions. It consists of three proteins: FeoA, FeoB and FeoC. FeoB is a transmembrane protein that is believed to play a key role in the mechanism of Fe2+ ion uptake. The other two components are cytoplasmic proteins. Both, FeoA and FeoC, are cytoplasmic proteins resembling the construction of transcription regulators. ABC transporters play an equally important role in maintaining iron homeostasis. These include proteins from Hmu family. HmuUV complex catalyses the import of these ions in hem iron form. The structure of this complex consists of TMD dimer (HmuU) and NBD dimer (HmuV). The HmuU is considered to be a permease - just like the FeoB described earlier while HmuV is the ATP binding protein.