Integrated safety and security analysis of hazardous plants and systems of critical infrastructure

This article addresses an integrated safety and security analysis approach of hazardous industrial plants and systems of critical infrastructure. Nowadays due to new hazards that emerge there are opinions among experts that these issues require an integrated approach in life cycle, from the design concept, through the design and operation of the plant, to its decommissioning. It is proposed to start from an interesting methodology known as the security vulnerability analysis (SVA) developed for hazardous plants of chemical industry. It is based on rings of protection concept to secure widely understood assets. This concept seems to be compatible with layer of protection analysis (LOPA), which is consistent with functional safety concept of the control and protection systems including cyber security aspects. It is outlined how to use these approaches in an integrated way for safety and security analysis of hazardous industrial plants and systems of critical infrastructure.