Study of rock fracture under blast loading

A study of dolomite rock material failure using a simple small-scale blast setup is presented. Laboratory tests were conducted using disc specimens drilled with a borehole in the center. A detonation cord and a blasting cap were fitted inside the borehole to induce cracking and fracturing of the specimens. The specimens were inserted between two steel plates, which were compressed against the specimen using bolt screws. Prior to testing, the most suitable screw torque for constraining the vertical displacement of the specimen surfaces without compressing the specimen was selected based on numerical simulations. Then, the experimental tests with the blasting cap were simulated using the Johnson–Holmquist II (JH-2) material model, and the properties of the blasting cap were determined and verified in two special tests with a lead specimen. Possessing the validated model, the influence of specimen thickness on the cracking patterns was finally analyzed. This paper presents a relatively easy method for studying rock material behavior under blast loading and for validating the numerical and constitutive models used for rock simulations.