How is Peace-Building implemented most effectively?

The study in 2010 indicated that majority of armed conflicts that occurred in the first decade of 21st century have been recurrences, because deep-rooted causes of conflict have not been properly addressed (Sandole, 2010, p. 35). Afghanistan and the Democratic Republic of Congo are examples of peace-building failures. Even with the cease-fire among parties in place or diplomatic solution to the conflict, the violence often continues regardless of all the peace-building efforts. As the peace-building strategies fail so often, many questions may arise: What have we done wrong? How was it possible that the largest and most expensive peace operations failed to put to an end some of the bloodiest conflicts of the post-Cold war era? Is the problem due to the misunderstanding and incapacity of peacebuilders to adequately address the roots of violence, or it is ignorance and neglect of local conflict dynamics? In other words, is there something in relation to conflict background, local society structure, or local culture, cultural norms and dynamics that peacebuilders should consider and rethink?