Community Based Management, Environmental Factors and Ecological Patterns Associated with Malaria Parasites Transmission in the Communities of Children Treated with Rectal Artesunate in Ogun State, South-Western Nigeria

Community-based case management of malaria has been shown to be effective in reducing mortality and morbidity. Overall total of 183 communities comprising 36(19.7%) communities in Egba Goe-Political Zone (GPZ), 56(30.6%) in Yewa-Awori GPZ, 43(23.5%) in Remo GPZ, and 48(26.2%) in Ijebu GPZ. There was a significant (p = 0.011) difference between preventive measures against malaria adopted for children across LGAs. Involvement in environmental management /sanitation as part of control measure (78.0%) can mostly help in tackling the adverse effects of malaria parasites transmission. They also agreed that mosquitoes breed majorly in stagnant water (77%) and Ponds (74.6%) and they did not always use (54.4%) their ITN/LLITN and their family mostly used ITN/LLITN during rainy season (84.4%). Fresh-water Rain Forest (44.3%) and Lowland Rain Forest (43.2%) are common forest vegetation types. Communities having plains topographical structure were more (91.3%) with close/compact (54.6%) type of settlement and are more densely populated (51.9%). Water bodies present are small rivers (100%). House type common in the communities was mud with iron sheets (100%) and drainage system (36.2%) was not common. Communities Involvement in environmental management/sanitation as part of control measure will reduce malaria parasite transmission.