Development of Radiation Hard Particle Detectors Made of Czochralski Grown Silicon

Tracking detectors to be used in the future high-luminosity particle physics experiments have to be simultaneously radiation hard and cost efficient. Magnetic Czochralski silicon wafers can be grown with sufficiently high resistivity (several kΩ cm) and well-controlled high oxygen concentration. Significant research and development activity aiming to develop particle detectors made of high resistivity magnetic Czochralski silicon has been ongoing during the past decade. Beam test results presented in this paper show that n-type magnetic Czochralski silicon strip detectors can be operated with acceptable signal-to-noise ratio at least up to a 1 MeV neutron equivalent ($n_{eq}$) fluence of $1 \times 10^{15} cm^{-2}$. The improved radiation hardness, compared to more commonly used float zone silicon, can be explained by the more beneficial electric field distribution inside the detector bulk. We have demonstrated a S/N of >10 for full-size strip detectors attached to readout electronics at a fluence of $ 1 \times 10^{15} n_\text{eq}/cm^2 $. These findings are supporting our transient current technique measurements.