O formalnych podstawach składania niepewności A i B

Przedmiotem rozważań są podstawy formalne procedury składania niepewności typu A i B, zaproponowanej w przewodniku GUM [1]. W artykule poddano analizie podstawy matematyczne tej procedury i wykazano ich niespójność, a następnie omówiono nowy sposób obliczania niepewności, bazujący na modelu wyniku pomiaru.

Considerations presented in the paper deal with the visible absence of formal bases of the A and B type uncertainty composition procedure proposed in GUM [1] and based on partial uncertainty composition described by formula (1). This lack of formality is caused by the fact that the uncertainty of type A is calculated on a basis of the measurement result series and one cannot point any other set of measurements, which may be composed with this series. The first part of the paper is devoted to presentation of a single measurement result model (2) in application to the uncertainty calculation procedure based on the uncertainty definition (3) and determined by functional (4). In the succeeding part, an analysis of formula (1) from the point of view of the random error model given by (6) is realised. By analogy to uncertainties of A and B type, the errors of the same type have been determined, which enabled obtaining equation (10) and comparing it with equation (1). The final part of the paper contains discussion of conclusions which can be drawn from this comparison.