Polish railways from the perspective of the European Green Deal

In January 2020 the European Parliament approved a resolution on the Green Deal, which aims to ensure that the EU achieves climate neutrality by 2050. Crucial to achieving the strategy’s goals is sustainable and green mobility. Rail transport as the most sustainable mode of transport is an important factor in achieving these changes. This article presents a synthetic diagnosis of the position of railways on the passenger transport market in Poland, in the context of the Green Deal assumptions. The essential analysis was preceded by a discussion of the structure of external transport costs, which is one of the determinants of the Green Deal. Trends in passenger transport were then identified and attention was paid to the shift of inter-industry relations in favour of rail transport. An analysis of the structure of regional and agglomeration rail transport was also carried out. Developments in this market area show a revitalisation of agglomeration rail links, which fits in with the sustainable mobility strategy.