Frames and factorization of graph Laplacians

Using functions from electrical networks (graphs with resistors assigned to edges), we prove existence (with explicit formulas) of a canonical Parseval frame in the energy Hilbert space [formula] of a prescribed infinite (or finite) network. Outside degenerate cases, our Parseval frame is not an orthonormal basis. We apply our frame to prove a number of explicit results: With our Parseval frame and related closable operators in [formula] we characterize the Priedrichs extension of the [formula]-graph Laplacian. We consider infinite connected network-graphs G = (V, E), V for vertices, and E for edges. To every conductance function c on the edges E of G, there is an associated pair [formula] where [formula] in an energy Hilbert space, and Δ (=Δc) is the c-graph Laplacian; both depending on the choice of conductance function c. When a conductance function is given, there is a current-induced orientation on the set of edges and an associated natural Parseval frame in [formula] consisting of dipoles. Now Δ is a well-defined semibounded Hermitian operator in both of the Hilbert [formula] and [formula]. It is known to automatically be essentially selfadjoint as an [formula]-operator, but generally not as an [formula] operator. Hence as an [formula] operator it has a Friedrichs extension. In this paper we offer two results for the Priedrichs extension: a characterization and a factorization. The latter is via [formula].