Niepartyjne formy ekspresji politycznej mniejszości narodowych

The aim of the article is to show how positive discrimination works on the example of national minorities and corroborate the thesis that national minorities form their political expressions, both on the central and local political scene, through non-party forms. The article focuses on the local and national political activity of four national minorities: German, Belarusian, Lithuanian, and Ukrainian. The first two manifest the greatest activity on the central, regional and local level. They also have a relatively firm, though evolving electorate. Nevertheless, the results of their activity, especially on the local level, are considerably different.